Sweida one of the Syrian governorates in the south-east of Damascus, Damascus is bordered to the north and west of the province, a shield and the Syrian desert and Safa from the east and south of Jordan.
An area / 6550 / km ² and extends along the province from north to south, 120 / / km and a width from east to west / 66 / km.
Sweida is a museum open to the signs and buildings of archaeological dating back thousands of years, archaeologists found many sites in most parts of the conservation tools flint sculpture were used by prehistoric man, among them pens com fig tree to the east of the village of Rima quilts, and Marah ranch near city endosperm, and Aqrash, Kum gravel, Hzhz, and networking, home to maintain archaeological sites as important as the Tel Aldbh near the village of Barika, and site of the monastery brown between the villages of Najran mother leeches, indicating archaeological finds in the presence of traces of the Bronze Age
In throughout the province are located behind the effects of the Safavids and the Syrians and Nabataeans who they entered after their victory at the battle of Monatha (two nations) on the Seleucids in / 88 / S. M and then set off north, as well as Greek and Roman monuments which are spread all across the province are very heavy.
Become cities of the province during the reign of the Nabataeans important positions and became the city Salkhad including commercial center, economically and militarily, distinct, and strengthen its military thanks to the castle mega famous castle Salkhad, and in many places in the province researchers found effects and the writings of Nabataean as in the endosperm vast and others were also found to write in Arabic back to the year / 328 / m which is chronicling the tomb of a man who Qays one of the kings of the Arabs, and by the force of the Nabataeans, economic and military could not Roman occupation of the province when they occupied Syria in / 64 / S. m is the weakness of the Nabataeans, who had been increasing gradually enabled the Roman occupation of extend their control over the cities of the province at the time
With the provisions of their control by the interest the Romans in the cities of the region in the endosperm and made the most important cities of the empire Romanian, Faqamo organized Syrian cities in the endosperm on the pattern of the city of Rome, and erected buildings, palaces, temples and the role of religious, theaters, baths ROMANIAN, markets and establishing and extending canals and irrigation systems, water tanks, construction of the Romans are many ways in which extends for tens of kilometers between the cities, as well as internal roads paved with stones in many cities and towns, important historical
The province includes many of the monuments that date back to the Greco-Roman in Shahba, channels, rip, village Barika, Najran, broaden the, Atil, sound, well-founded, Dama, Zkir, Almstv, salt, Amra, Magdala, Salkhad, farm WAM pomegranate, Arman and others many towns and archaeological sites.
The province includes many of the monuments that date back to the Greco-Roman in Shahba, channels, rip, village Barika, Najran, broaden the, Atil, sound, well-founded, Dama, Zkir, Almstv, salt, Amra, Magdala, Salkhad, farm WAM pomegranate, Arman and others many towns and archaeological sites.
In the city of Shahba or Rome small structures Emperor Philip the Arab old city Shahba and became Emperor of Rome, and took care of his hometown of Shahba and design and make it similar to Rome and made it an important center in the Eastern Empire, and there are traces Ckma of the temple, which indicates the importance of four columns with crowns Corinthian, is also theater Shahba of theaters famous Btabgah upper and Guenatrh, in addition to rooms clothes, reading, sports, restaurants and accessories in the buildings Alemsrj, baths ROMANIAN huge temples and places of worship, and make the city's four entrances or gates (Aqos Nasr) still exist today, and the effects of the city walls and streets paved with stones the historic buildings are vivid reminders of how urban development witnessed by the city in history and was one of the most sophisticated Almdt in various aspects of life
He took the rule of the Roman occupation of weaker and decadence Vtaazem Ghassanid role and become the real owners of power under the authority ROMANIAN weak during the fourth century AD. When Al Arab rule on the Levant suffered by Ghassanid and Qahtaon welcomed approved the Arab Caliph Omar ibn al-Khattab in / 636 / m owner Ibn Harith prince to Horan, who constitute a conservative part of it, and had a population of the province at the time the privilege of participating in the battles of jihad against the Romans and the Crusaders.
On the other hand was across the province known as the past many names as Mount Albashan wrote and Mount Horan, Jabal Al Rayyan and Jabal al-Arab, grabbing the attention of the caliphs Arabs, built-Waleed bin Abdul Malik for himself a palace in Crime quilts, where he is serving some time in the summer, the Caliph Omar bin Abdul Azizvkd owned a farm in the endosperm where he was staying from time to time, and when a waiver of his property without preferred to keep other Vibqaha for himself
.Just as these have attracted the attention of the caliphs to maintain beauty of nature shook the feelings of many Arab poets, such as a man and Qais Al-Sharif and complacent, however, between Rabia and others, Vngnoa him and sang a beautiful poetry. Arab poet attached Greer Jebel Al Rayyan love and remembrance towards him
The name continued to mount Rayan called on what appeared to maintain even during the Umayyad and Abbasid period until the end. Then stir in the region has seen a decline in security and economic life that has led to other factors as likely sources to the displacement of people by, say the number of people and displaced most of the cities and villages. And this phenomenon continued emergency period of time. Were nomadic tribes comes to him in the spring and summer to graze his cattle Rabia and draws its water from a rising so inhabited the western parts of it as threatening the economic life of the easy-Hourani.
The name continued to mount Rayan called on what appeared to maintain even during the Umayyad and Abbasid period until the end. Then stir in the region has seen a decline in security and economic life that has led to other factors as likely sources to the displacement of people by, say the number of people and displaced most of the cities and villages. And this phenomenon continued emergency period of time. Were nomadic tribes comes to him in the spring and summer to graze his cattle Rabia and draws its water from a rising so inhabited the western parts of it as threatening the economic life of the easy-Hourani.
Returned life runs again across the mountain and Awabdeh and cities, he managed Prince Fakhr al-Din on the second to extend his control to Horan, the year / 1613 / A big campaign forced him to drop the interim and then he sent in / 1625 / military mission and art to Horan to restore restoration Castle Salkhad The mission was led by his son, Prince Ali. But the stability of the actual mountain did not begin only at the beginning of the seventeenth century since / 1711 / m, where I took towns and villages in the northern part of it is witnessing new life with the migrations came to him from the regions of northern Syria, such as Aleppo and Idlib as well as Lebanon, Palestine, and has been expanding the slowly and settle in cities and villages
During the Ottoman occupation did not know the mountain direct Ottoman rule until the year / 1840 / M. Hamdan family was the ruling family in the mountain known as Sheikh al-Hamdani as Sheik Sheiks mountain or a great sheikhs. And when he wanted the rule of Mohamed Ali Pasha in the Levant / 1831 _ 1841 / to impose conscription and disarmament of the population saw the mountain a bloody war lasted for nine months without the checks to the governor what he wanted, although methods of cruelty, murder, destruction and filling pools and blockade arbitrator Vzhguet the lives of thousands of victims of the army and the population.
During the Ottoman occupation did not know the mountain direct Ottoman rule until the year / 1840 / M. Hamdan family was the ruling family in the mountain known as Sheikh al-Hamdani as Sheik Sheiks mountain or a great sheikhs. And when he wanted the rule of Mohamed Ali Pasha in the Levant / 1831 _ 1841 / to impose conscription and disarmament of the population saw the mountain a bloody war lasted for nine months without the checks to the governor what he wanted, although methods of cruelty, murder, destruction and filling pools and blockade arbitrator Vzhguet the lives of thousands of victims of the army and the population.
Then returned the Ottoman Empire and reiterated the policy of Mohammad Ali Pasha in the mountain roads as necessary to extend its direct control the justifications different and asked theresidents to surrender their weapons and accept the new recruit their children, while they weredoing it on their own burdens to impose security on the mountain in the prevention of the dangers that were exposed on the one hand and working everything in their power to develop agricultureand reconstruction of towns and villages, and insurance requirements stability, so they had to face campaigns Ottoman and revolutions repeated against it was the Ottoman state pursuedAhrarhm who refused humiliation has sentenced a group of them in 1911 are: Thouqan Atrash(the father of Sultan al-Atrash), Yahya Amer, more Amer , Izz al-Din Hilal, Hamad Amoosh,Mamedkulani revolutions continued through the decades until the departure of the Ottoman occupation of the year / 1918 / m. The mountain where he participated in the Great Arab Revolt, led by Sharif Hussein, his sons fought alongside their brothers in the Arab army and the Turkish army and Kano which call for the early religious leaders, political revolutions .. And contributed to the defeat that arrived with the vanguard of the army Arab city of Damascus and the Arab flag in the sky .
He declared the independence of Syria and the mountain, but did not last long, became irregular again life in the Levant at the beginning of the French occupation, and broke the revolutions of national and that was the province of endosperm pivotal role in which, led by Sultan Pasha Alotrschmn village Alqriyawho commander of the revolution, the Great Syrian, who began his revolution word famous to arms to arms where the Arab Druze of the first converged with the revolution against the French and the promise Dharah battles like the Battle of the farm and infidelity and had a major role in supporting and assisting their brothers in Damascus, ... Khvfo where the pressure was released and the first flame in the torch of liberty Arab. The result of this revolution, which included under its banner tournaments activists in Syria that the sun rose independence in April 17, 1946 to Syria, after witnessing the start of a new era.
Evolved Sweida significantly in recent decades and deepened the various aspects of economic life, social, cultural, architectural and city endosperm modern city luxury of its buildings, boutiques, its streets and markets, as well as cities and towns where there are the latest and finest buildings and villas, has seen the province because the president's policy hero late (Hafez Assad) acceleration in the pace of growth and development Vhqt roads and paved between villages and cities of the province, and built schools, colleges, hospitals, cultural centers, health and kindergarten center services, and constructed dams and built factories, and reclaimed agricultural land, and caused the banks and reached the electricity to every city, village and farm in all parts of the province, and the number of county residents more than more than three hundred and fifty thousand people. Developed in the field of agriculture and industry.
Enjoy the endosperm of course stunning mountain and considered the standards of the United Nations a natural museum of monuments archaeological and historical sites in all cities, towns and villages of the province, as well as spread over the territory of the province and a private mountain from which thousands of Aldenmat of forest lands of natural forests over the mountainous areas of sound and Attil and endosperm and disbelief and so on ... and the land planted with fruitful trees and grape vines, apples or thousands Aldenmat of wooded land new forest trees (forest) in a number of areas of the province such as the mountain and filling the back of the eye where there is in the back of the mountain more productive tree-planting project in the region.
In addition to the nature of the beautiful and wild, cities and archaeological sites, the many climate beautiful moderate, making the province within the attractions you plan Syrian Ministry of Tourism to increase tourism investment and attract interested people and tourists to the region, there are many, many elements of attractions, and has maintained a number of transport companies of tourism that ties all areas of the province in addition to flights throughout the day from the endosperm to Damascus, there are many cities and towns, centers and Internet cafes, lounges and excellent restaurants and beautiful Created expatriate Mr. Wael Farag, a restaurant in the willow Lawn area of Ain.
Held in the endosperm festivals, events and exhibitions such as the Festival of several endosperm of marketing and farm tourism and cultural festival and jazz festival and exhibition Suweida the vine, apples and artistic activities of the fine arts and sculpture in addition to many art galleries and cultural festivals and literary
.
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